第四纪冰川遗迹地貌
笔架山及陶姚洞冰斗
Name：PenholderMountainand Cirque ofTaoyaoCave
由元古界（距今约18-8亿年）变质岩组成的三个山头呈笔架状排列，主峰海拔1543m，称为笔架山，从瑞庆宫远眺，似一尊弥勒坐像，下部山势呈圈椅状，为第四纪早期冰川的冻蚀、掘蚀作用形成的冰斗，称陶姚洞冰斗。
Penholder Mountain is three peaks arranged as a penholder which is made up of metamorphic rocks in Proterozoic (1800~800 Ma B.P.) and the main peak is1543mabove the sea level, overlooking from Ruiqing Palace, it just likes a sitting Maitreya. The chair-shape lower part of mountain is cirque that forms by freeze erosion and glacial plucking in early quaternary, it is named cirque of Taoyao cave.
三峰尖
Name： SanfengjianMountain
中高两侧低，三个山头一字排开，其南北两侧均为深谷巨涧。山峰海拔1479.5m，山体由燕山期斑状黑云母二长花岗岩组成，为第四纪早期冰川冻蚀刨蚀形成的角峰。
Sanfengjian Mountain,1479.5mabove the sea level, consists of three peaks which arrange in line and the middle one is higher than others, the south and north sides of mountain are all deep gorges. The mountain body is made up of porphyritic biotite monzonitic granite in Yanshannian, and is the horn which forms by freeze erosion and glacial ploughing in early quaternary.
石龙峡
Name： StoneDragonCanyon
从风车口向北东遥望石龙峡，云遮雾障，上部为宽缓的U形谷，系第四纪早期冰川刨蚀作用所形成，下部在后期流水侵蚀作用下，形成V形谷。为冰川和流水沿花岗岩中北东向断裂裂隙带综合作用形成。
Stone Dragon Canyon, seen far from Windmill Threshold to direction of NE, is shrouded in cloud and fog which is formed by comprehensive process of glacier and running water along NE fracture fissure in granite, the upper part is U-shape valley which is formed by glacial ploughing in early quaternary , the lower part is V-shape valley on the erosion process of running water in latter period.
老鸦尖
Name： LaoyajianMountain
山体由中晚侏罗世斑状黑云母二长花岗岩组成，海拔1656.7m，为鄂南第一高峰，挺拔伟岸。为第四纪冰川的冻蚀、刨蚀作用形成之角峰。该峰位于国家级自然保护区核心区，周围多奇花异草、珍稀树木、珍禽异兽，更显其神秘壮丽。
TheLaoyajianMountainis made up of porphyritic biotite monzonitic granite in middle and late Jurassic with the elevation of1656.7mwhich is the highest mountain of southernHubeiProvince. It is a horn formed by freeze erosion and glacial ploughing of glacier in quaternary. TheLaoyajianMountainis located at core of national natural reserve, the beautiful flowers and grassed, rare trees, and precious animals surrounding the mountain which give prominence to the mystery and splendor ofLaoyajianMountain.
冰碛泥砾
Name：Moraine Mudstone
砾石为花岗岩，大小不一，直径1.5×1.0m——0.5×1cm，呈棱角状，或次圆状，砾间充填有网纹状褐红色亚粘土。为冰川泥砾堆积，形成于第四纪早期，约距今150万年。
The gravel is angular or subrounded granite with different size ranged from 1.5×1.0mto 0.5×1cmwhich is filled with reticulate maroon clayey silt among the gravels. It is the accumulation of glacial mudstone which forms in early quaternary (approximately 1.5 Ma B.P.).
高湖冰碛阶地
Name：Gaohu Moraine Terrace
界面平坦，下为中元古界冷家溪群紫红色变粉砂岩，产状165°∠84°。上为冰碛泥砾，砾石主要为花岗岩，圆状、次圆状，少数次棱角状，大小不一，由1×1.2m--3×10cm，泥砂充填。形成于中更新世晚期的冰川刨蚀和冰碛作用。
The Gaohu Moraine Terrace with flat interface has formed by glacial plucking of glacier and moraine process in late of middle Pleistocene. The lower part is purple metamorphic siltstone of Lengjiaxi Group in middle Proterozoic with attitude of 165°∠84°. The upper part is moraine mudstone which composes the rounded and subrounded granite mainly while little in subangular with different size range from 1×1.2mto 3×10cm.